• 丙三醇 Glycerol (Glycerin),Chongqing Guangyi Chemical Co., Ltd,丙三醇 Glycerol (Glycerin)
  • 丙三醇 Glycerol (Glycerin),Chongqing Guangyi Chemical Co., Ltd,丙三醇 Glycerol (Glycerin)

丙三醇 Glycerol (Glycerin)

No.CAS 56-81-5
Glycerol acts as humectant, solvent and thickener. It is widely used in food industry, cosmetic and personal‑care products. It also serves as pharmaceutical excipient, antifreeze agent, and raw material for producing surfactants and synthetic resins.
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  • 丙三醇 Glycerol (Glycerin),Chongqing Guangyi Chemical Co., Ltd,丙三醇 Glycerol (Glycerin)

Description

  1. 产品标识 / Product Identification

产品名称 Product Name

丙三醇(甘油) / Glycerol (Glycerin)

别名 Synonyms

丙三醇、甘油、1,2,3-丙三醇、1,2,3-三羟基丙烷、甘醇、三羟基丙烷 / Glycerol, Glycerin, Glycerine, 1,2,3-Propanetriol, Propane-1,2,3-triol, Glyceritol, Trihydroxypropane

级别/型号 Grade

工业级 / 化妆品级 / 食品级(FEMA 422, GRAS;INS 422)/ Industrial / Cosmetic / Food grade (FEMA 422, GRAS; INS 422)

商标 Trademark

N/A(按级别与纯度分级)/ N/A (graded by grade & purity)

形态 Form

无色至淡黄色、无臭、黏稠糖浆状液体 / Colorless to pale yellow, odorless, viscous syrupy liquid

CAS 登记号 CAS No.

56-81-5

EC / EINECS 号

200-289-5(EINECS)/ 200-289-5 (EINECS)

香料/添加剂号 Flavor No.

FEMA 422(GRAS 食品添加剂);INS 422;JECFA 909 / FEMA 422 (GRAS food additive); INS 422; JECFA 909

海关编码 HS Code

2905.45(8位 29054500;10位 2905450000「甘油,不论是否浓缩」)/ 2905.45 (8-digit 29054500; 10-digit 2905450000 'glycerol, whether or not concentrated')

PubChem CID

753(PubChem)/ 753 (PubChem)

InChIKey

PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

主要用途 Primary Use

食品(保湿剂、甜味剂、溶剂;FEMA 422/INS 422);医药(溶剂、赋形剂、润肤剂);化妆品(保湿剂 humectant);工业(防冻液、增塑剂、醇酸树脂与聚氨酯原料、硝化甘油原料);化工中间体(环氧氯丙烷、表面活性剂) Food (humectant, sweetener, solvent; FEMA 422/INS 422); pharma (solvent, excipient, emollient); cosmetics (humectant); industrial (antifreeze, plasticizer, alkyd/PU raw material, nitroglycerin precursor); chemical intermediate (epichlorohydrin, surfactants)



  1. 组分信息 / Composition

主要成分 Main Component

丙三醇(Glycerol,俗称甘油)是三元醇,化学名 propane-1,2,3-triol,分子式 C3H8O3;天然存在于动植物油脂中,工业上由油脂水解(皂化)或油脂 transesterification 制生物柴油的副产甘油经精制得到,也可由丙烯经环氧氯丙烷或丙烯醛法合成。常温下为无色至淡黄色、无臭、黏稠糖浆状强吸湿液体,熔点约 18°C、沸点约 290°C(分解),与水完全混溶,具保湿、增塑、润滑等多种功能。主要用作食品保湿剂与溶剂(FEMA 422/GRAS)、医药与化妆品润肤保湿原料、工业防冻与增塑剂、醇酸树脂/聚氨酯/硝化甘油原料,以及环氧氯丙烷等化工中间体。 Glycerol (glycerin) is a trihydric alcohol, IUPAC propane-1,2,3-triol, C3H8O3; occurs naturally in fats/oils, industrially obtained by refining crude glycerin from fat hydrolysis/saponification or biodiesel transesterification, also synthesized from propylene. Colorless-to-pale-yellow, odorless, viscous, strongly hygroscopic liquid at RT; mp ~18°C, bp ~290°C (decomp), fully miscible with water; functions as humectant, plasticizer, lubricant. Used as food humectant/solvent (FEMA 422/GRAS), pharma/cosmetic emollient, industrial antifreeze/plasticizer, alkyd/PU/nitroglycerin raw material, and intermediate (epichlorohydrin).

杂质/副成分 Impurities

杂质受控:水分、有机残渣(甘油二酯/单酯、脂肪酸皂)、无机盐、重金属、砷、氯化物、硫酸盐、易碳化物、铁等;食品/化妆品级另控微生物与有关物质限度。 Controlled impurities: moisture, organic residues (di-/mono-glycerides, fatty acid soaps), inorganic salts, heavy metals, arsenic, chloride, sulfate, readily carbonizable substances, iron; food/cosmetic grades also control microbes & related-substance limits.

组分 Component

CAS 登记号 CAS No.

含量 Content (wt%)

丙三醇(甘油) Glycerol

56-81-5

≥95.0%(工业);≥99.5%(食品/化妆品级)/ ≥95.0% (industrial); ≥99.5% (food/cosmetic)


  1. 理化性质 / Physical & Chemical Properties

分子式/分子量 Formula / MW

C3H8O3 / 92.09 g/mol

外观 Appearance

无色至淡黄色、无臭、黏稠糖浆状液体;强吸湿 / Colorless to pale yellow, odorless, viscous syrupy liquid; strongly hygroscopic

颜色 Color

无色(高纯 APHA ≤10)至淡黄色 / Colorless (high-purity APHA ≤10) to pale yellow

气味 Odor

无臭 / Odorless

离子型 Ionic Type

非离子;三元醇(三个羟基)/ Non-ionic; trihydric alcohol (three hydroxyl groups)

熔点 Melting Point

17.8 – 20 °C(lit.;不同来源 17.8–20 °C,常呈过冷液态)/ 17.8–20 °C (lit.; some sources 17.8–20 °C, often supercooled liquid)

沸点 Boiling Point

290 °C(分解,lit.)/ 290 °C (with decomposition, lit.)

溶解性 Solubility

与水完全混溶(>500 g/L,20°C;约 5 M);溶于乙醇、丙二醇、低级醇;不溶于油脂、烃类 / Miscible with water (>500 g/L, 20°C; ~5 M); soluble in ethanol, propylene glycol, lower alcohols; insoluble in fats/oils, hydrocarbons

密度 Density

1.25 g/mL(20°C,lit.);常引 1.257–1.261 g/cm³ / 1.25 g/mL (20°C, lit.); commonly 1.257–1.261 g/cm³

折射率 Refractive Index

n20/D 1.474(lit.)/ n20/D 1.474 (lit.)

闪点 Flash Point

约 160 °C(开杯,320 °F,lit.)/ ~160 °C (open cup, 320 °F, lit.)

粘度 Viscosity

约 1499 mPa·s(20°C,公认文献值;高黏度)/ ~1499 mPa·s (20°C, literature; high viscosity)


  1. 典型产品规格 / Typical Product Specifications

项目 Item

典型值 Typical

测试方法/来源 Method / Source

含量 Assay (C3H8O3)

工业级 ≥95.0%;食品/化妆品级 ≥99.5% / Industrial ≥95.0%; Food/cosmetic ≥99.5%

高碘酸滴定 / 气相色谱 GC

色泽 Color (APHA/Hazen)

食品级 ≤10;工业级 ≤30 / Food ≤10; Industrial ≤30

铂钴比色法 / Pt-Co colorimetry

相对密度 Specific gravity (20°C)

1.257 – 1.261

比重瓶法 / Pycnometer

折射率 Refractive index (n20/D)

1.470 – 1.475

阿贝折射仪 / Abbe refractometer

水分 Water

食品级 ≤0.5%;工业级 ≤1.0% / Food ≤0.5%; Industrial ≤1.0%

卡尔费休法 / Karl Fischer

酸度 Acidity (as lactic acid)

≤0.03%

滴定法 / Titration

灼烧残渣 Residue on ignition

≤0.01%(食品级)/ ≤0.01% (food)

重量法 / Gravimetric

重金属(以 Pb 计)Heavy metals (as Pb)

≤5 ppm

AAS / 比色

砷 Arsenic (As)

≤2 ppm

AAS / 比色

氯化物 Chloride (Cl)

≤10 ppm

比色法 / Colorimetry

硫酸盐 Sulfate (SO4)

≤20 ppm

比色法 / Colorimetry

注:上表为丙三醇(甘油)典型质量指标,参考 GB/T 13206-2011《工业甘油》、食品级甘油通用规格(FEMA 422/GRAS、FCC 等)及化妆品原料规范,并参照 ChemicalBook 公开数据与多家真实生产商 TDS。不同级别(工业/化妆品/食品)对纯度、色泽、水分等要求不同。实际出厂指标以重庆广益化工每批次《分析检验单(COA)》为准。 Note: typical specs referencing GB/T 13206-2011 (industrial glycerol), food-grade glycerol specs (FEMA 422/GRAS, FCC) and cosmetic-ingredient specs, plus ChemicalBook public data & real manufacturer TDS. Industrial/cosmetic/food grades differ. Actual per batch COA.

  1. 用途 / Applications
  • 食品工业:保湿剂、甜味剂、溶剂、质构改良剂,FEMA 422(GRAS)/ INS 422,用于烘焙、糖果、饮料、保水

Food: humectant, sweetener, solvent, texture modifier; FEMA 422 (GRAS) / INS 422 for bakery, confectionery, beverages, water retention

  • 医药:溶剂、赋形剂、润肤剂、栓剂与软胶囊基质、渗透性泻剂

Pharma: solvent, excipient, emollient, suppository/soft-gelatin base, osmotic laxative

  • 化妆品与个人护理:保湿剂(humectant),用于护肤、护发、口腔护理,水结合与吸湿

Cosmetics & personal care: humectant for skin/hair/oral care; water-binding & moisture retention

  • 工业:防冻液、传热流体、增塑剂(明胶、纤维素)、醇酸树脂与聚氨酯原料、硝化甘油(炸药/药物)原料

Industrial: antifreeze, heat-transfer fluid, plasticizer (gelatin/cellulose), alkyd & PU raw material, nitroglycerin precursor

  • 化工中间体:制环氧氯丙烷、表面活性剂、甘油酯、1,3-丙二醇等

Chemical intermediate: epichlorohydrin, surfactants, glycerides, 1,3-propanediol

  1. 储存与操作 / Storage & Handling
  • 密封、阴凉、干燥、通风处储存,远离火源与强氧化剂 / Store sealed, cool, dry, ventilated; away from ignition & strong oxidants

Store sealed, cool, dry, ventilated; away from ignition & strong oxidants

  • 常温(RT)或 2–8 °C 保存;黏稠液体,低温黏度增大但不凝固(mp ~18°C)/ Store at RT or 2–8 °C; viscous liquid, viscosity rises at low T but does not solidify (mp ~18°C)

Store at RT or 2–8 °C; viscous, higher viscosity when cold but remains liquid (mp ~18°C)

  • 强吸湿,须防潮、密封保存,防止吸收空气中水分增重与稀释 / Strongly hygroscopic—seal tightly to prevent moisture uptake

Strongly hygroscopic—seal tightly to prevent moisture uptake

  • 避免与强氧化剂(铬酐、氯酸钾、高锰酸钾等)接触——有爆炸危险 / Avoid strong oxidants (chromic anhydride, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate)—explosive hazard

Avoid strong oxidants (chromic anhydride, K chlorate, K permanganate)—explosive hazard

  • 原包装保存,典型保质期 24 个月(以厂家标签/COA 为准)/ Original sealed pack; typical shelf life 24 months (per label/COA)

Original sealed pack; typical 24 months (per label/COA)

  1. 安全信息 / Safety Information

GHS 分类 GHS Classification

多数法规下非危险品(not classified as hazardous in most regimes);可燃液体(储存类别 10);高浓度雾/粉尘对眼与呼吸道有轻度刺激,个别分类列为 GHS07(H319 眼刺激)。与强氧化剂接触有爆炸危险。 Not classified hazardous in most regimes; combustible liquid (storage class 10); high-conc. mist/dust mildly irritates eyes/respiratory, some classify GHS07 (H319 eye irrit.); explosive hazard with strong oxidants.

危害声明 H-statements

H319(造成严重眼刺激,个别分类);与强氧化剂混合有爆炸危险(非标准 H 短语)/ H319 (serious eye irritation, some classifications); explosive hazard when mixed with strong oxidants (non-standard H-phrase)

防范说明 P-statements

P305+P351+P338(如进入眼睛:用水小心冲洗数分钟,取出隐形眼镜,继续冲洗)/ P305+P351+P338 (if in eyes: rinse cautiously, remove contacts, continue rinsing)

NFPA 704

NFPA 704:健康 H0 / 易燃 F1 / 不稳定 R0(典型评级);可燃液体(储存类别 10,闪点 ~160°C 开杯)/ NFPA 704 H0/F1/R0 (typical); combustible liquid (storage class 10, flash ~160°C OC)

急性毒性 Acute Toxicity

低毒:大鼠口服 LD50 26000 mg/kg,小鼠口服 4090 mg/kg(ChemicalBook);GRAS 物质(FEMA 422);属低毒、低刺激、低蓄积。 Low toxicity: rat oral LD50 26000 mg/kg, mouse oral 4090 mg/kg (ChemicalBook); GRAS (FEMA 422); low toxicity, low irritation, low accumulation.

危险反应 Hazardous Reaction

与强氧化剂(铬酐、氯酸钾、高锰酸钾)接触有爆炸危险;可燃液体,遇高热分解产生刺激性烟雾;强吸湿,能使某些物质潮解。 Explosive hazard with strong oxidants (chromic anhydride, K chlorate, K permanganate); combustible, decomposes at high T emitting irritant fumes; strongly hygroscopic.

灭火 Fire-fighting

适用灭火介质:泡沫、二氧化碳、干粉、水雾;消防人员佩戴防护装备;甘油低水危害(WGK 1),但仍须防止大量流入水体造成污染。 Suitable media: foam, CO2, dry powder, water spray; firefighters wear PPE; glycerol low water hazard (WGK 1) but prevent large runoff into water.


  1. 包装 / Packaging

工业级:250 kg 镀锌铁桶或塑料桶、IBC 吨桶;食品/化妆品级建议洁净食品级包装(HDPE 桶/IBC,内衬食品膜)。 Industrial: 250 kg galvanized steel or plastic drum, IBC tote; food/cosmetic clean food-grade pack (HDPE drum/IBC, food-liner).

  1. 保质期 / Shelf Life

原包装、密封、阴凉干燥(常温或 2–8°C)保存,强吸湿须防潮;典型 24 个月(以厂家 COA/标签为准)/ Original sealed pack, cool & dry (RT or 2–8°C), protect from moisture; typical 24 months (per COA/label)

  1. 法规与合规 / Regulatory & Compliance
  • 法规状态:食品依 FEMA 422(GRAS)与 JECFA 909、INS 422,符合 GB 2760 等食品添加剂法规;化妆品依化妆品原料规范

Regulatory: food per FEMA 422 (GRAS), JECFA 909, INS 422, GB 2760 etc.; cosmetic per cosmetic-ingredient specs

  • 出口按目的国食品/化妆品法规确认(如 US FDA GRAS、EU、GB 2760 等)

Confirm per destination food/cosmetic regs (US FDA GRAS, EU, GB 2760 etc.)

  • REACH 已注册(Active),EC 200-289-5;TSCA 已列名;WGK 1(低水危害)

REACH registered (Active), EC 200-289-5; TSCA listed; WGK 1 (low water hazard)

  • 与强氧化剂(铬酐/氯酸钾/高锰酸钾)接触有爆炸危险,储存与运输须隔离

Explosive hazard when in contact with strong oxidants (chromic anhydride / K chlorate / K permanganate)—segregate in storage & transport

 

免责声明 / Disclaimer:本技术数据表仅供参考,不构成任何担保。数据基于编制时可得的公开权威信息,重庆广益化工有限公司不对因使用本表所产生的任何后果承担责任。实际技术参数请以每批次出厂 COA 为准。 This TDS is for reference only and does not constitute a warranty. Values per batch COA prevail.

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